A critical review of the potential of certification to assist in the Essay

A critical review of the potential of certification to assist in the development of more sustainable tourism - Essay Example This is in respect to the varying types of tourism found in different destinations, including the unique presence of niche tourism segments, as well as mass tourism in general. Essentially, it regards the portrayal and upholding of specific values, which make a great global difference, not only in reference to the millions of global travelers, by also those directly impacted by existing tourism. Above all, it entails the observance of responsible tourism, which is aimed at making positive differences to tourist destinations, the local populations present, and fundamentally so, the environment. Sustainable tourism is essentially, the attempt of making the lowest possible impacts on not only a given region’s environmental ecosystems, but also the local cultures present. The culture aspect regards the traditions, way of life, folklore and heritage present, which uniquely identify such regions as distinct tourism destinations. In addition, as Mowforth and Munt (1998) portray, is the requisite aspect of job opportunity creation for the local populations, thereby enabling greater wholesome sustainability of such regions and destinations. The ultimate aim of this type of tourism is ensuring the development achieved, provides a foundation of positive experience, for not only the tourists and tourism companies at large, but also the local residents (Mowforth & Munt, 1998:44). Thus, sustainable tourism pertains to the adopted practices implemented in successful eco-tourism. As a term, sustainable tourism is often interpreted in oxymoron terms. This is informed by the fact that tourism as an activity, majorly depends upon, and continuously increasing air transportation (Mowforth & Munt, 1998:490). Unfortunately, this mode of transportation is linked to the contribution of significant amounts of greenhouse gas emissions. These are emitted from combustion, rising high into the stratosphere and hence contribute to the

Stereotypes prejudice Essay Example for Free

Stereotypes prejudice Essay Please complete the following exercises, remembering that you are in an academic setting and should remain unbiased, considerate, and professional when completing this worksheet. Part I Select three of the identity categories below and name or describe at least 3 related stereotypes for each: ?Race ?Ethnicity ?Religion ?Gender ?Sexual orientation ?Age ?Disability Category Stereotype 1 Stereotype 2 Stereotype 3 Disability People think disability is a sickness People think they are a mence to others and society Disabled people are different and are not fully human. Gender Female role of taking care of the kids Male role of being the breadwinner androgyny, which is the blending of feminine and masculine attributes in the same individual. Age Ageism Senile or Demented Unproductive and uncreative Part II Answer each question in 50 to 100 words related to those stereotypes. Provide citations for all the sources you use. ?What are the positive aspects of stereotypes, if any? Some aspects of stereotyping can be GOOD, BUT I HAVE YET TO SEE ANY THAT I WOULD CONSIDER GOOD. STEREOTYPING IS A WAY FOR US TO. CATERGORIZE A PERSON OR GROUP INTO SOMETHING WE CAN NOT FEEL BAD FOR NOT LIKING. ?What are the negative aspects of stereotypes? Negative aspects of stereotyping play a big Copyright  © 2012 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Stereotypes and Prejudice Worksheet ETH/125 Version 8 2 ROLE ON A PERSON. STEROTYPING PEOPLE IN A NEGATIVE MANNER HAS A LASTING DETRIMENTAL IMPACT ON THOSE WHO EXPERIENCE THE PREJUDICE. PEOPLE PERFORM POORLY IN SITUATIONS WHERE THEY FEEL THEY ARE BEING STEREOTYPED. Part III Answer each question in 50 to 150 words related to those stereotypes. Provide citations for all the sources you use. ?Define stereotypes and prejudice. What is the difference between stereotyping and prejudice? Use examples to illustrate the differences. ?A stereotype is a belief about a certain group of people. Prejudice is a feeling about a person based on their membership in a group. Both stereotypes and prejudice can be either positive or negative. Discrimination is an action that denies the rights of a person due to their membership in a group. ?What is the relationship between stereotyping and prejudice? Prejudice- ignorantly judging based on[stereotypes] pre conceptions. Pre- Judging someone before having the knowledge of who they are. Ex. I have a prejudice towards all teenaged mothers, because I assume they all slept around to get pregnant, because thats what my sister did. ( which doesnt make every ones situation the same. stereotypes- classifying groups of people based on race, gender, religion, creed, ethnicity, etc. Then believing all people who belong to that group are the same Ex: All homeless people arent educated. Iggnorance is what is the realtionship between the two of them. People being ignorant and making assumptions is found in both prejudice and sterotypes. ?What can be done to prevent prejudice from occurring? Here are some examples that I think would help with preventing prejudice. It may not stop it all together, but it would help the situations from being uncomfortable. . Celebrate holidays with extended family. Use such opportunities to encourage storytelling and share personal experiences across generations. Invite friends from backgrounds different from your own to experience the joy of your traditions and customs. Be mindful of your language; avoid stereotypical remarks and challenge those made by others. Speak out against jokes and slurs that target people or groups. Silence sends a message that you are in agreement. It is not enough to refuse to laugh. Copyright  © 2012 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Stereotypes and Prejudice Worksheet ETH/125 Version 8 3 Copyright  © 2012 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved.

Essays --

The CMOS technology plays a major role on the performance of microprocessors on very large scale integrated circuit chips. The rapid growth in CMOS technology with the shrinking transistor size towards 16nm has allowed for placement of several billions of transistors on a single microprocessor chip. This also leads to reduce the delay of logic gates in the order of pico seconds. One such method to improve the performance of microprocessor is to optimize the timing performance of dynamic circuits. In this paper a full adder circuit is designed and simulated using rate sensing keeper technique with L=0.12ÃŽ ¼m technology and VDD=1.2 V for improving the timing and noise tolerance also the noise tolerance characteristics of the full adder circuit designed using rate sensing keeper is compared with twin transistor based full adder circuit. Keywords— Bias,Domino logic, noise tolerance, rate sensing, timing optimization. I. INTRODUCTION HE rapid advancement in semiconductor technology with the shrinking transistor size towards 16nm has allowed for placement of several billion transistors on a single microprocessor chip[1]. CMOS technology plays a major role on the performance of VLSI microprocessors [2].The timing performance of the microprocessor can be improved by using dynamic circuits in microprocessors [3]. However the usage of dynamic circuits in microprocessors is limited due to many challenges including transistor sizing, charge sharing, leakage current, noise immunity and environmental and semiconductor process variations etc [4].Timing optimization of dynamic circuits can be achieved through several methods such as transistor sizing, using multiple threshold voltages etc.[5],[6],[7].The aggressive scaling of transistors and interc... ... and the experimental results shows that the full adder circuit designed using rate sensing keeper transistor technique gives superior performance compared to the other alternatives such as Conditional Keeper (CKP) and current mirror-based keeper (LCR). Fig.22. Output noise Vs Vbias characteristics of full adder using Rate Sensing Keeper technique IV. CONCLUSION In this paper the performance of a full adder circuit designed using rate sensing keeper transistor technique is analyzed in detail and its performance is compared with other full adder circuits. The full adder circuit is simulated using L=0.12ÃŽ ¼m technology along with supply voltage VDD=1.2V. The experimental results shows that the full adder circuit designed using rate sensing keeper transistor technique gives superior performance compared to full adder circuits designed using conventional domino techniques.

The Many Benefits of Hybrid Cars Essay -- Exploratory Essays Research

The Many Advantages of Hybrid Cars Picture yourself driving on the freeway. You are cruising along at about sixty-five miles per hour in your late model SUV. This is a typical morning for you until an electronic beep from within your dash catches your attention. When you look at your gauges, you see the low fuel light shining bright and orange. As you think to yourself, "I just filled this thing up a week ago," you glance up to see salvation in the form of a road sign: "Gas, next exit." "Thank you," you say, looking up. When you turn, however, you realize a new problem. The premium grade fuel with which you usually fill your tank is almost $2.00 per gallon. That means it would cost you $40.00 just to get through another week of commuting. We have all been in this, or a similar situation, especially with gas prices where they are and where they are expected to reach. There is now an answer to this problem of bad gas mileage, and also to the disgusting amount of toxins new cars are still pouring into the atmosphere. This answer is hybrid cars. Hybrid cars are an up-and-coming form of vehicle that mixes gasoline and electric motors to produce a high gas mileage/low emission vehicle. There are different ways in which the two types of power sources found on hybrid vehicles. There is one, called a parallel hybrid, that has a fuel tank to supply the gasoline engine, and a set of batteries to supply the power to the electric motor. The electric motor and gasoline engine both turn the transmission at the same time. The transmission, in turn, moves the wheels (Nice). Another type, the series hybrid, uses the gasoline engine to turn an electric generator. The generator then either powers the electric motor, which turns the t... ... at about sixty-five miles per hour. The large SUV in the next lane turns off towards a gas station. You look down at your gauge, thinking to yourself, "I probably filled up before him, and I still have a half of a tank. Now I remember why I bought this thing." Works Cited Hybrid Electric Vehicle Program. DOE. March 26, 2004. http://www.ott.doe.gov/hev/ "Hyper-Mileage Hybrids: 2002 Toyota Prius vs. 2003 Honda Civic: Science fair exhibits or real cars?" Motor Trend. August 2002: Pages 69-74 Mileage. HybridCars.com. March 25, 2004. http://www.hyridcars.com/mileage.html Nice, Karim. How Hybrid Cars Work. Howstuffworks. March 25, 2004. http://auto.howstuffworks.com/hybrid-car.htm Oil Dependency. HybridCars.com. March 25, 2004. http://www.hybridcars.com/oil.html The Cars. Hybridcars.com. March 25, 2004. http://www.hybridcar.com/cars.html

Mendocino Triple Junction

The deformational chronicles of the tectonic plates is examined from the standpoint of movement of the numerous faults bounded by the structural topography and environment and by the fault kinematics connected with the lately industrialized San Andreas transform margin. Accumulation and subduction are continuing underneath the continental margin north of the Mendocino fracture zone, with the linkage from the San Andreas fault system from the south. The continuous deformation due to the interactions among the Gorda, Pacific, and North American plates are collectively called the Mendocino Triple Junction. The Mendocino Triple Junction stands for the setting of extreme change in plate tectonic processes from the convergence in the Cascadia subduction (north of the Mendocino Triple Junction) and the translation in the San Andreas system (south of the Mendocino Triple Junction. The abrupt changes form this tectonic processes resulted in the dramatic change in the thermic region in North America and the evolution in the lithosphere formation in the said region (Dickinson and Snyder, 561; Lachenbruch and Sass, 195-197; Zandt and Furlong, 377-378). The unstable intersection of the fault zones called the Mendocino Triple Junction divided the Pacific region, and North America, including North California. The meeting point The Mendocino Triple Junction is an unstable triple junction located in the North California west coast that is comprised of the intersection of the Pacific Plate, the North American Plate, and the Gorda Plate (Oppeheimer et al. 1666). The junction has complex plate activities due to seismic destructive above 6.5 in magnitude earthquakes that occurred over the past 100 years (Dengler et al., 48-50). The positioning of the Mendocino Triple Junction has transferred from its original location in the Los Angeles latitude to Cape Mendocino over the last decades. (Jachens and Griscom, 9380-9385).    One of its junctions, the San Andreas Fault, is located in the northwest-southwest portion of North America and the Pacific. The Pacific Plate moves northward simultaneously as the North American Plate moves to another region to collide with the Pacific Plate (Henstock, doi:10.1029/2001JB000902). The precise location of the San Andreas Fault is not established because of the complexities of the area (Simlila, 1402). Since the year 1800, statistics have shown that seven earthquakes have taken place with the least of magnitude four in the scale (Kelsey and Carver, 4799-4811). Another junction in the Mendocino group is the Cascadia subduction zone that is located north of the Mendocino Triple Junction. The 15-degree subduction angle continues to escalate as the depth of the subducting plate increases (Dengler et al., 45). Earthquakes in this area occur after 300 to 560 years, depending upon ruptures if the zone crossing point (Clarke and Carver, 190). The last area to be included in the Mendocino Triple Junction is the Gorda plate. The eastward movement of the Gorda Plate caused a clockwise movement in the Juan de Fuca plates, a plate formerly part of the Gorda region. The Mendocino zone remained still while the Gorda Plate repositions itself and interacts simultaneously with the Pacific Plate, therefore, increasing its deformation over time (Stoddard, 11527-11529). The Mendocino Fault is a zone located between the Pacific Plate in the south and the Gorda Plate in the north. The lateral movement of this fault contributed to seismic activities in Cape Mendocino, extending to the coast of the Gorda Plate. Earthquakes have been reported along the Mendocino Fault in 1994 as the most recent and massive tectonic plate movements with an intensity of 7.4 (Dengler et al., 45-50). In this actively deforming area, imbricate thrusts and the axes of folds overlying blind thrusts in the accretion prism offshore are oriented west-northwest and project southeastward  to align with several moderately low- to steep-dipping faults onshore. In the onshore region, the rocks bounded by these faults correspond to increasingly more distal parts of the uplifted accretion margin from northeast to southwest. The underlying problem is then rooted in the steep-dipping Pacific-North American plate boundary and to be related to ongoing northward propagation of the San Andreas movement. The area south of Cape Mendocino is significantly associated with the Pacific-North American faulting and the transformation of the plate boundary. The Future of Mendocino Triple Junction: The history of the activities in the Mendocino Triple Junction can be a potential benchmark for the cause and intensity of future earthquakes, tectonic plate ruptures, and ground breakdown. The rupture in the plates is the immediate effect of the activities happening in the Mendocino Triple Junction. Ground shaking can deliberately have an effect to structures, which is measured in the logarithmic scale to determine the intensity of the earthquake. Ground shaking is accountable for most loss of life and man-made property destruction throughout an earthquake so the importance of historical evaluation and earthquake assessment can help in the improvement of building and architectural designs and standards. The shaking intensity during an earthquake is dependent on the position of the land area hit by the massive ground activity, the type of soil and the slope of the vicinity, and its distance from the earthquake’s epicenter. Seismologists have monitored that a number of regions tend to repetitively encounter robust seismic trembling than other zones. This is due to the ground beneath these regions is comparatively soft than the other parts of the district. Soft soils intensify and amplify ground Soft soils also intensify shear waves, creating a more hazardous and damaging effects on any structure lay on the ground. Individuals living in the area that have experienced strong earthquakes will be likely to suffer strong earthquakes in the future depending upon the distance of the region to the epicenter (source) of the massive ground shaking. Amplification is caused when a seismic wave moves through subsurface materials and is amplified to produce relatively higher horizontal and vertical motion. In contrast, bedrock has a tendency to dampen seismic waves and therefore reduce ground motion. About one-quarter of the entire earthquake energy released in California during historic times has occurred along the Humboldt County coast. The size, location, and frequency of past earthquakes give an indication of what to expect in the future. Strong earthquakes with epicenters onshore have recurred about every 20 years. Since the 1870s, the largest of the historic seismic activity in the area of the Mendocino Triple Junction reached a magnitude of 7.2, which took place in 1923. The Northern Coast affected areas have been the focal point in the Gorda Plate activity. The recurrence of the earthquakes in this area occurs every two years.   Neighborhood in the coastal expanse from Cape Mendocino to Eureka has been smashed into frequent ground shaking than the remainder of the Humboldt County. Earthquakes have hardly ever affected Northern Humboldt County in history. On the other hand, because the historic documentation is comparatively transitory, regions not distressed in the past may even be at danger. Massive and huge earthquakes have been a part of the lives on the north coast so residents ought to take measures to get ready for any earthquakes to come. Up to date earthquake activity consists of several large-scale happenings in the Cape Mendocino district. Three powerful earthquakes hit Cape Mendocino area, with magnitudes  of 7.1, 6.6, and 6.7, respectively , in 1992. A strong upheaval set upon the north coast in the Cape Mendocino area with a magnitude of 5.6 last January 1997. The earthquake was situated on the Mendocino fault extremely close to the Mendocino Triple Junction. The United States Geological Service (USGS) set up new building codes in preparation for the severe earthquakes in the Mendocino Triple Junction belt. â€Å"Building codes provide the first line of defense against future earthquake damage and help to ensure public safety,† said the USGS.   According to the records of USGS, historical accounts provided a â€Å"firm basis for revising building codes to more fully reflect the need for extra strength in structures built on soft ground.† â€Å"Designing and building large structures is always a challenge, and that challenge is compounded when they are built in earthquake-prone areas. More than 60 deaths and about six billion dollars in property damage resulted from the Loma Prieta earthquake (caused by the San Andreas Fault). As earth scientists learn more about ground motion during earthquakes and structural engineers use this information to design stronger buildings, such loss of life and property can be reduced.† Earthquake-resistant plan and construction are necessary to plummeting earthquake losses. These code amendments are a major step toward better earthquake safety to withstand large earthquakes can be further improved with groundwork bolts, cut off walls, and additional strengthening strategies. References Clarke S. H. Jr. and Carver G. A., Late holocene tectonics and paleoseismicity, southern Cascadia subduction zone, Science, 255:188-192, 1992. Dengler, L., G. Carver, and R. McPherson, Sources of north coast seismicity, Calif. Geol. 48, 43-53, 1992. Dengler, L., Moley, K., McPherson, R., Pasyanos, M., Dewey, J., and Muray, M, 1995, The September 1, 1994 Mendocino fault earthquake, California Geology, v. 48, p 43-53, 1995. Dickinson, W. R. and W.S. Snyder, Geometry of Triple junctions related to San Andreas transform, J. Geophys. Res., 84(#B2), 561-572, 1979. Henstock, T.J., and A. Levander, Structure and seismotectonics of the Mendocino Triple Junction, California, J. Geophys. Res., 108(B5, 2260), doi:10.1029/2001JB000902. Jachens, R.C. and A. Griscom, Three-dimensional geometry of the Gorda plate beneath northern Californa. J. Geophys. Res. 88, 9375-9392, 1983. Kelsey, H.M. and G.A. Carver, Late Neogene and Quaternary tectonics associated with northward growth of the San Andreas fau lt, northern California. J. Geophys. Res., 93, 4797-4819, 1988. Lachenbruch, A. H. and Sass, J. H., Thermo-mechanical aspects of the San Andras, in Proc. Conf. On the Tectonic Problems of the San Andreas Fault System, edited by R. Kovach and A. Nur, 192-205, Stanford University Press, Palo Alto, Calif., 1973. Oppenheimer, D., G. Beroza, G. Carver, L. Dengler, J. Eaton, L. Gee, F. Gonzalez, A. Jayko, W.H. Li, M. Lisowski, M. Magee, G. Marshall, M. Murray, R. McPherson, B. Randall, G.R., Ammon, C.J, and Owens, T.J., Moment tensor estimation using regional seismograms from a Tibetan Plateau portable network deployment, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 1665-1668, 1995. Simila, G.W, Peppin, W.A., and McEvilly, T.V., Seismotectonics of the Cape Mendocino, California, area. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 86, 1399-1406, 1976. Stoddard, P.R., A kinematic model for the evolution of the Gorda plate, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 11524-11532, 1987. Zandt, G. and K. Furlong, Evolution and Thickness of the lithosphere ben eath coastal Caifornia, Geology, v. 10, 376-3

Free Essays on Women And The Expansion Of Their Roles In Society

Before the 1940’s your average woman would be at home taking care of the household chores and preparing diner for the family. The women make sure that when her husband and family returned that dinner was on the table and the house was clean. The men would work all day and make the household income. In the late 1930’s early 1940’s the role of women changed dramatically. The world was going to war again and unfortuntly the world was all but ready. However had this war never had taken place women may still be in the kitchen today. The majority of men were called upon to fight for their country and knowing that you can’t be two places at once the question of who would run the factory’s, bussiness and all the things the men were doing before hand arose. This is where the women come in. Women took the place of men completley. They were working in factories, shipyards, lumbermills, steelmills, and foundries. Women were going crazy, they were testing the boundries and taking the best of their known abilities and taking them to the highest of their unknown. Women let their minds expand and it wasn’t long that the society realized that women too, had extradinary abilities. â€Å" Then, too, there was my belief that now and then women should do for themselves what men have already done†¦ and occasionally what men have not done†¦thereby establishing them selves as persons, and perhaps encouraging other women toward greater independence of thought and action† Women worked as welders, electricians, mechanics, boilermakers, engineers, doctors, physics, chemists, nurses, and many other occupations. Over 3 million women served at Red Cross. By the end of WW II, Americas wartime production reached it’s highest point ever! Production record s include 296,429 airplanes, 10,351 tanks and self-propelled guns, 372,431 artillery pieces, 47 tons of artillery ammunition, 87,620 warships, 44 billion rounds of small arms ammunition. On... Free Essays on Women And The Expansion Of Their Roles In Society Free Essays on Women And The Expansion Of Their Roles In Society Before the 1940’s your average woman would be at home taking care of the household chores and preparing diner for the family. The women make sure that when her husband and family returned that dinner was on the table and the house was clean. The men would work all day and make the household income. In the late 1930’s early 1940’s the role of women changed dramatically. The world was going to war again and unfortuntly the world was all but ready. However had this war never had taken place women may still be in the kitchen today. The majority of men were called upon to fight for their country and knowing that you can’t be two places at once the question of who would run the factory’s, bussiness and all the things the men were doing before hand arose. This is where the women come in. Women took the place of men completley. They were working in factories, shipyards, lumbermills, steelmills, and foundries. Women were going crazy, they were testing the boundries and taking the best of their known abilities and taking them to the highest of their unknown. Women let their minds expand and it wasn’t long that the society realized that women too, had extradinary abilities. â€Å" Then, too, there was my belief that now and then women should do for themselves what men have already done†¦ and occasionally what men have not done†¦thereby establishing them selves as persons, and perhaps encouraging other women toward greater independence of thought and action† Women worked as welders, electricians, mechanics, boilermakers, engineers, doctors, physics, chemists, nurses, and many other occupations. Over 3 million women served at Red Cross. By the end of WW II, Americas wartime production reached it’s highest point ever! Production record s include 296,429 airplanes, 10,351 tanks and self-propelled guns, 372,431 artillery pieces, 47 tons of artillery ammunition, 87,620 warships, 44 billion rounds of small arms ammunition. On...

New and Useful Information on How to Become a Bank Teller

New and Useful Information on How to Become a Bank Teller when you think of bank tellers, you probably think of someone who sits behind a counter and counts money all day. but really, they’re customer service professionals who also happen to count money and provide banking services. it’s a job that requires strong math skills, a high dependability factor (after all, you’re being trusted with other people’s money and banking information), and excellent people skills. the truth is, you’re not just dealing with money all day- you’re dealing with people. if you’re looking for information on how to become a bank teller, the following guide will let you know everything you need in order to make it happen.the many benefits of a bank teller jobbeing a bank teller is a great entry job if you’re thinking about a career in the finance world, or if you have strong cash-handling and people-handling skills from retail experience. depending on the bank that hires you, you could be looking at:paid, on -the-job training (or, for some banks, reimbursement for courses taken to prepare for the job)medical, dental, and life insurancea 401(k) retirement planpaid vacation and holidaysa calm, quiet, and secure working environmenta path forward to manager positions and beyondresume building, especially high-demand soft skills like trustworthiness, organization, and being detail-orientedthe qualifications you’ll needbank tellers don’t necessarily need tons of experience if they have the right skill set, but if you go down this path you should expect to be able to:do math quickly, and with total accuracy.handle money responsibly.look presentable and well-groomed at work (usually no obvious tattoos, odd piercings, or crazy hair).dress in business casual (or standard business attire if it’s a more formal bank).there are also usually minimum educational, experience, and language requirements. depending on a particular bank’s policies, bank tellers will likely need t o be:able to work legally in the u.s.fluent in english.a high school graduate, ged recipient, or higher.focused on providing fast, friendly customer service.able to multitask, while still doing things accurately and quickly.and again, don’t underestimate the customer service piece. a bank teller might be dealing with a line of people, with distractions all around. as the front lines of the bank, tellers are a huge part of keeping things calm and moving along, even when things are busiest. if you are someone who can’t stop themselves from rolling their eyes at a particularly rude customer, or have no patience for the toddler clamoring for his mother’s attention while you deposit mom’s check, this might not be the right financial services career for you. however, if you can hand the kid a sugar-free lollipop and process mom’s transaction in one smooth motion while keeping a smile on your face, this could definitely be the right job for you.the decisi on: is it the career for you?if you have the base skills and interest in becoming a bank teller, it’s time to move into the gut-check phase, and ask your self these questions.can you pass a criminal background check and a drug test? you’ll be handling money, physically and electronically- the bank will need to know you’re a trustworthy investment.can you serve customers with good cheer and diplomacy?are you good with details, with an eagle eye for possible mistakes? for bank teller, mistakes can come with a very real price tag either for the customer or the bank itself.are you comfortable learning and offering a range of financial services to customers?if you’re leaning toward â€Å"no† for any of these questions, then becoming a bank teller might not be your ideal path. but if all of these sound good and you’re ready to move on to the next step, it’s time to look at the how.the trainingmost banks offer on-the-job training for new hir es, which teaches skills like cashing checks, processing deposits and withdrawals, using the banks own systems, navigating security protocols, and settling the cash drawer at the end of the day. tellers also have the option to get outside education as well, before they get a job as a teller. the american bankers association offers courses and certification for all kinds of banking professionals, including tellers.the career outlookaccording to the u.s. bureau of labor statistics, the median salary for bank tellers is $26,410 per year, or $12.70 per hour. the field is facing a slight decline over the next 10 years, due to automation and fluctuations in the banking industry. you shouldn’t let this discourage you, though- becoming a bank teller is still a great way to get your foot in the door for other opportunities down the line. atm machines may be able to dispense cash, but banks still need people to manage services and act as a quality control.if you’ve got the peopl e skills and the money skills, this is a great career building block for you. bank tellers build a lot of super-useful, transferrable skills that will take you to the next step in your career fairly quickly, whether that’s in banking or any other field that requires a focused, responsible eye.look for bank teller jobs? thejobnetwork has you covered! search our site for jobs in your area, at all levels of experience.

Google Apps for Education †Pro-Academic-Writers.com

Google Apps for Education Google makes wonders with all aspects of our life. Its apps are very useful when we talk about education, both middle and higher. Parents should not get at their children immediately when they find out that there are a lot of downloaded applications on their favourite devices. Many smart students use Google apps to complete educational tasks: To learn more on a given subject Get more ideas for upcoming class or essay Impress their teachers Get free help with the essay Watch an educating video Find and use relevant resources Google Apps to Increase Academic Performance After all, education apps are helpful for in-class education. Apple rewarded education system with the plenty of the best tools, but Big G apps are just as good. The main search engine in the world releases new products on a regular basis. Moreover, different upgrades with the fixed bugs become available within the most popular education apps. Such collaboration tools are nothing else than a part of the  Google Apps Education  suite. The installation process is very simple. Many students have already tried various offers like custom software called Google Classroom  to succeed. And it worked! Teachers should master new technology to keep in trend. Going Google means creating a friendlier, informative academic atmosphere. No matter how far you are, it is possible to connect to your school computers and download any assignment or lecture that you want. We will cover the benefits of Big G apps developed to make education easier from the aspect of teachers. How to Use Resources Properly to Achieve Better Results in Education? Create files in Google Doc in the shape of your lecture plan. You may share it with your peers. Add notes and drafts on the upcoming school events or student meeting in the same place and share it with everyone invited or interested in the event. It is better to translate all files saved on the drive to keep in touch with the non-English speaking students if you have such friends. It would show your respect and care. Open revision history in Google Docs whenever there is a need to review some previous lectures. Video chat might be useful when you decide to invite a professional or another student just like you to share valuable education-related information. Forms in Docs are very convenient when taking tests and quizzes to check your knowledge and skills. Some apps are also designed especially to meet such requirements. Develop a parent volunteer survey. This is the best approach to gathering and analyzing personal information on the families of your peers to find out whether they are satisfied with the existing educational system. You might need those contacts in the future. Post a special spreadsheet with schedules and free places availability to let your classmates know about all upcoming events like Prom Night. You may also send notifications via special Google apps. Share a grade-level folder with your friends so that these docs can be edited or fulfilled by them too in case you’ve missed something during the lecture. It will save a plenty of time on your education-related goals. Creating a website with inserted docs, schedules, forms, and tools is a must to get the best of educational process promptly and successfully. Post class activity or homework assignments to the single Google Drive. Gmail calendar is effective while creating various in-class assignments if you work in team and keep information divided into separate lists. By turning on inserted mail translation, every message would be automatically translated into any language. Keep updated about your personal progress in education by using a corresponding website in Google Sites. Spreadsheets are useful to track academic process as well. There are apps to speed up the process. Gather teacher observations in a separate sheet to use these data for better performance. Google resource calendar is another helpful option. Download and use student-driven vocabulary to enrich your professional and academic language. You may use special apps dedicated to English learning as well. Gmail translation tools will also help to find pen pals in other countries to improve education achievements. Google calendar and some apps are just the right place for long-term and short-term planning of your educational process. Top tools for education are just as effective for teachers and other professionals as essay writing services are for students. We believe that teachers should not be too strict with those who use such services. After all, students also need help with education sometimes. You can get it right here if you have some writing assignments to do urgently!

The new england workingmen's association Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The new england workingmen's association - Essay Example However, the mechanics kept their dream of better working conditions alive and hence they called for a region-wide convention to address the question of a 10-hour workday in Fall River. Indeed, the region-wide convention held on October 1844 addressed this issue in great length and resolved to form the New England Workingmen’s Association (NEWA) to address the workers’ plight (Massachusetts AFL-CIO 1). As such, most of the meetings held by New England Workingmen’s Association focused on the dominant concern of a 10-hour workday (Massachusetts AFL-CIO 1). In the meetings that followed the formation of the New England Workingmen’s Association, members ended such meetings with a resolution calling for an abridgement of the hours of labor, which was evidently fundamental in rendering every citizen of the commonwealth worthy and capable to perform the sacred duties of a freeman (Massachusetts AFL-CIO 1). As such, the New England Workingmen’s Association followed the footsteps of other labor leaders of the 1840s, who focused on the relationship between connection between 10-hour workday and citizenship. However, the New England Workingmen’s Association was seemingly different from other labor associations in that it included middle-class reformers who stressed issues such as land reform, and women, who frequently found themselves excluded from other groups unlike other labor associations that disregarded middle-class reformers (Massachusetts AFL-CIO 1). In the 1840s, many labor organizations disregarded the membership and contribution of women. Nevertheless, the New England Workingmen’s Association offered a reprieve to the women by extending all the rights, privileges, and obligations of membership to women’s labor groups through its constitution (Massachusetts AFL-CIO 1). As such, the association addressed both men and women issues that relate to their working conditions. Notably, women

Reaction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reaction - Essay Example According to Dr. Audrey Young, the type of training and experiences that are taught in medical school skip basic elements that facilitate communication and understandability of the patients. The book bases its initial principles on the fact that medicine originates from the patient. The ability for a doctor to listen to the feelings and perceptions of the [patient is a step towards the healing and recovery process. However, medical school has taught doctors to have a minimum interaction with the patient. Particular emphasis is laid on disease diagnosis through research and treatment as opposed to the soothing and communicative nature doctors must possess in order to reassure their patients of a quick recovery of the various types of diseases that they may be experiencing (Young, 2009). Communication and maintain a good rapport with the patients is the foundation of medicine. Great lessons in a career such as what Dr. Audrey Young is pursuing teach the professionals to be humble and sympathetic. It also should teach them to be tolerant and brave since there are many instances that will require them to have a lion’s heart in order to deal with them. According to my evaluation of the experiences that Young passed through during her years in Medial school, I view medicine to be a calling rather than a profession (Young, 2009). It requires a great initiative by the individual to acquire knowledge about the facts of the course and knowledge on how to blend into different cultures and people’s lifestyles in pursuit to give treatment and better health care. It was therefore prudent for the curriculum of the institution to expose the students to different environments with people of various beliefs, ailments and origins. Dr. Young worked from the regions of Seattle in the United States of America, Swaziland, Pocatello and Idaho. She encountered patients with

International marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

International marketing - Essay Example The second article is related to multinationals opening up their operations in different parts of the world, especially in the emerging markets of the economy. Discussion Article 1 The article titled â€Å"PayPal helps fuel revival at EBay† was published on October, 2012 following the announcement of the September financial results of EBay (The Wall Street Journal, 2012). The business of EBay had suffered during the first two quarters of 2012 but showed a revival in the third quarter financial results. The growth in the revenues of EBay was fuelled by the payments through PayPal. The revenue of EBay rose to USD 3.4 billion with an increase of 15% above the previous revenue generated by the business. The profits and growth of the company were further attributed to the launch of a new website and more developed features in worldwide listing and shipping services. EBay has successfully captured the global e-commerce market with its power shipping and same day shipping programs. T he shipping programs of EBay provide a significant competitive edge for the business over its competitors like Amazon.com and Wal-Mart stores. The new design of the eBay website was aimed at capturing more market share by offering user friendly services and fast checkout systems. PayPal was acquired by EBay Inc. in 2002 after which PayPal was used as the only electronic payments system for EBay in the United States market as well as in the global market for cross country transactions of goods and services. EBay had acquired Billpoint in 1999 to use its services for the electronic payment gateway. But Billpoint faced severe competition from PayPal which was the mode of payment for 25% of the auctions in EBay. So, EBay decided to acquire PayPal as an important corporate strategy to increase their market share and the growth of the company. The alliance of EBay and PayPal was a revolutionary alliance in the e-commerce industry which highly boosted EBay sales and attracted customers fro m all across the globe. PayPal was a main element which drove the success of EBay as an e-commerce giant in the international market. E-commerce is one of the most evolving features of globalization. EBay has enabled the users all across the world to research, buy and sell products on their site. The e-commerce site also is an important sourcing site for a number of merchants trading globally. EBay has evolved as a wide platform consisting of suppliers and buyers from different industries varying from clothing, food, accessories, furniture, books, electronics and everything else that is traded in the world. PayPal distinctively contributed to the revenue generation of EBay by increasing the customer bottom line and providing a delightful experience for the customers. In the light of globalization, EBay has successfully applied technological integration in its business processes. Article 2 The article titled Global Marketing: Local Heroes is related to the publishing of the book All Business is Local: Why Place Matters More Than Ever in a Global Virtual World by John Quelch and Katherine Jocz (The Economist, 2012). The article refers to the increasing importance of the locations for a business and the growing trend of the big companies trying to penetrate the untapped markets. The multinationals strongly targeting the emerging markets has made the world more interconnected. The companies

Reflection essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Reflection - Essay Example The State presented the second charge on grounds that it was in general public interest that Bell be kept behind bars. The State supported their information that Bell had been convicted of First degree robbery, Third degree robbery, and possession of narcotics with the intent of selling them (STATE OF CONNECTICUT v. ARNOLD BELL, 2011). The State also presented information that Bell was released on supervision from Court when he was charged with the murder of Fumiati. So, the trial court heard the case for the second charge â€Å"whether the history of Bell conducted was of nature that he should be kept behind bars for an extended period† (STATE OF CONNECTICUT v. ARNOLD BELL, 2011). The trial court decided that it would be of best interest that Bell be kept behind bars for an extended period under 53a-35a. Bell appealed to this decision of the court claiming that it had violated his basic constitutional rights and that it was under the jury to decide whether to prolong the sentence rather than the trial court. The court agreed to Bell’s claim that it was indeed unconstitutional and remanded the second part of the case for a new hearing. The remand trial was unsuccessful as the jury failed to come up to a unanimous verdict, so a new trial was ordered. Bell asked for the second charge to be lifted on grounds that it was unconstitutional. On the new trial, both parties presented their justifications however, the jury concluded that there was sufficient evidence that Bell was guilty of crime and should serve a prolong sentence in view of public interest i.e. forty years imprisonment. The case’s decision on the first part i.e. the defendant was found guilty of murder and crime was justified as sufficient evidence was provided by the State on the matter. The trial court’s decision on the second part was indeed unconstitutional, and it needed the consent of the jury to prolong

Application White Paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Application White Paper - Assignment Example The paper will also give recommendation on how the hotel can improve its service delivery. Online reviews help to improve generally performance of an organization since it helps managers in decision making and resources allocation. It also helps the organization analyze its strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats to improve its goods and services. The benefits of organizational analysis is to help improve organizational performance in relation to is competitors through its mission, vision, resources allocation, product and services, governance, organizational culture and ethics, competitive advantages, employee and customer satisfaction (Bekefi, 2008). Hospitality industry plays an important economic role in United States of America (Zacks, 2012). Hotel industry across the globe is affected by fluctuations in demand of their goods and services depending with the prevailing season. A specific hotel needs to develop a products and services that will ensure constant income throughout the year despite the existing competitors. Their services should be unique and competitive compared to the products and services of their real competitors. Customer satisfaction is a key factor to the success of any hospitality organization. Hospitality industry offers home like services to unique customers away from home. Therefore the customer expectations for quality goods and services are higher in hospitality industry than in any other industry (Taylor, 2012). To improve services delivery and maintain customer royalty, an organization must seek to obtain the customers feed back in regard to their services. In the current information age most customers seek their products and services online. Customers also give negative and positive feedback online in Social Medias as well as the company’s website. Renivate software is an online platform specifically

Reflection essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Reflection - Essay Example The State presented the second charge on grounds that it was in general public interest that Bell be kept behind bars. The State supported their information that Bell had been convicted of First degree robbery, Third degree robbery, and possession of narcotics with the intent of selling them (STATE OF CONNECTICUT v. ARNOLD BELL, 2011). The State also presented information that Bell was released on supervision from Court when he was charged with the murder of Fumiati. So, the trial court heard the case for the second charge â€Å"whether the history of Bell conducted was of nature that he should be kept behind bars for an extended period† (STATE OF CONNECTICUT v. ARNOLD BELL, 2011). The trial court decided that it would be of best interest that Bell be kept behind bars for an extended period under 53a-35a. Bell appealed to this decision of the court claiming that it had violated his basic constitutional rights and that it was under the jury to decide whether to prolong the sentence rather than the trial court. The court agreed to Bell’s claim that it was indeed unconstitutional and remanded the second part of the case for a new hearing. The remand trial was unsuccessful as the jury failed to come up to a unanimous verdict, so a new trial was ordered. Bell asked for the second charge to be lifted on grounds that it was unconstitutional. On the new trial, both parties presented their justifications however, the jury concluded that there was sufficient evidence that Bell was guilty of crime and should serve a prolong sentence in view of public interest i.e. forty years imprisonment. The case’s decision on the first part i.e. the defendant was found guilty of murder and crime was justified as sufficient evidence was provided by the State on the matter. The trial court’s decision on the second part was indeed unconstitutional, and it needed the consent of the jury to prolong

Reflective report on your experience of the Myers Briggs Personality Essay

Reflective report on your experience of the Myers Briggs Personality Inventory - Essay Example These basic traits are the precursor to the sixteen personality types which are essentially the combination of each of the typologies. As suggested by Jung the personality type do not put people in a box but rather show the inclination of the person’s choices base on the typologies. It should be noted that as early as 1917 Katherine Briggs had already developed a way of describing the differences of accomplished individuals based on their biographies. However, when Jung’s book â€Å"Psychological Types† was translated into English in 1923, Katherine immediately devoured the book and studied it in detail since Jung went beyond what she initially conceptualized (Reinhold, 1997). Katherine’s daughter, Isabel Briggs-Myers, took over where her mother has left off and went on to construct the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator test in 1942 while apprenticing in a bank under the tutelage of Edward N. Hay (Quenk, 2000). From the 1944 publication, the Myers-Briggs Type In dicator has undergone several revisions and improvement over the years to reflect the expanding understanding of the complex human behaviour. The last of these revision happened in 1998 under Mary McCaulley (McCaulley & Myers-Briggs, 1985). The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator is rooted on dichotomies of several human traits. ... The same can be said about Sensing vs. Intuition. Rationalising facts and tangible details may be true for most of the cases but there are instances most especially if there is ambiguity in the facts and figures presented that an individual has to rely on patterns and gut feel. When it comes to decision making, not all decision that will be made by an individual relies on the objective and impersonal logic. There will definitely be instances when irrational blind belief will be relied upon. In conducting or performing something there are instances when an individual will prefer to have plans over spontaneity. Having said the differences between the dichotomies, internal conflict that will be resolved as time goes on will clarify the actual preferences of the individual. Nonetheless, there is a tendency for humans to change their mind or even their pattern. Therefore the validity of the MBTI is always under scrutiny. The National Academy of Sciences committee reviewed data from over 2 0 MBTI research studies and concluded that the Introversion-Extroversion scale has adequate construct validity (Psychometric Success, 2009). In the same article Robert Spillane, a professor of management at the graduate school of Management at Macquarie University said that â€Å"Test trivialize human behaviour assuming that fake attitudes predict performance. Not only is this incorrect but testers’ offer no explanation for behaviour beyond the circular proposition that behaviour is caused by traits which are inferred from behaviour. The technical deficiencies of most personality tests have been known for many years. Yet they are conveniently ignored by those with vested interests in their continued use.† Despite of existing criticisms, majority of organizations who conduct personality

Free

Freedom of the Press Essay The opinion of Americans about speech freedom is ambiguous. Ask any American, Kurtli writes, about disengagement of speech and media in the US, and you will hear a loud resentment from the irresponsibility of the media, who, without hesitation, climb into the privacy of the stars, politicians and ordinary citizens, reveal state secrets, thereby raising the ratings of TV programs and newspaper runs. Freedom Forum carried out a research on this topic. A survey carried out in 2002 showed that, in the opinion of 42% of the respondents, too much disengagement was provided to the media. The accuracy of this assessment is subjective. There is no doubt that the US legislation provides for perhaps the most extensive measures in the world to protect the rights of the media, as a result of which the guarantees of intellectual freedom in the United States are truly impressive. Freedom Forum carried out a research on this topic. A survey carried out in 2002 showed that, in the opinion of 42% of the respondents, too much disengagement was provided to the media. The accuracy of this assessment is subjective. There is no doubt that the US legislation provides for perhaps the most extensive measures in the world to protect the rights of the media, as a result of which the guarantees of intellectual freedom in the United States are truly impressive. Americans value their disengagement of speech and media. This is due to the fact that it creates an intellectual market of ideas. The US media has a wide field for expressing opinions and stand guard, which allows the people to directly monitor government decisions and take part in them, and allows a wide variety of ideas to be tested in the market of symbolic designs. Such laws are based on the main rectification to the main law. This, in turn, means that the American defense of intellectual expression is based on the norms of English common law, in accordance with the nature and principles of which the laws are subject to exegetics by the judges. Such exegetics is carried out in the form of decisions on specific court cases instituted on the basis of claims by private individuals or the state represented by its public representatives. The prime adjudicator is the US Supreme Court. Before the victory in the War, the British colonies respected many laws of the Parliament governing the basic rules and setting the total volume of freedom of expression. Media was obliged to be licensed. Legally appointed officials were responsible for the conformity of future publications unacceptable in the society of that time and qualified as the dissemination of slanderous fabrications for subversive purposes. It is not surprising that by the end of the 18th century, the inhabitants of the North American colonies began to suffer from these restrictions. Then disengagement of speech became a sign of good governance. As Franklin himself wrote, freedom of the media is the disengagement, for which every pensioner should be ready to fight and die. The opinion of Franklin was shared by the largest theorists of American constitutionalism, Jefferson, and Madison. Jefferson believed that the political consciousness of the people depends directly on the freedom of the press. A free media is the only real guarantee of security for all. In turn, Madison argued that public administration without free circulation of information is a real prolog to farce and tragedy. As for the legal precedents of defending free-thinking, we can refer to the case when, on November 17, 1734, the newspaper publisher from New York was accused of disseminating slanderous fabrications for subversive purposes for publishing anonymous criticism in the New York Weekly Journal to the British governor-general Cosby. Thanks to a lawyer, the publisher was acquitted by a jury. The lawyer managed to convince the jury that no one can be sentenced to criminal punishment for public criticism of the authorities, especially when such criticism corresponds to the real state of affairs. Thus, the legal mechanism for protecting media and delivering a true date to people in America deserves attention and is an example to follow for many countries. References Freedom of the press, William L.Chenery Greenwood Press 1977 Freedom of the press, Merrill F.Hartshorn National Education Association of the United States 1980 Freedom of the press: rights and liberties under the law, Nancy C.Cornwell ABC-CLIO 2004

Cultural Dimensions Affect Negotiations In The Film Business Essay

Cultural Dimensions Affect Negotiations In The Film Business Essay In this highly globalised society in business, numerous global firms are struggling to produce profits and to maximise efficiency. It leads changes of many aspects in structural systems such as production, logistics customer service and so forth. One of derived system to maximise efficiency is outsourcing. A precise definition of outsourcing has not defined clearly yet, it is often viewed as involving the contracting out of a business function to an external provider (Overby 2007) India, where has big scale of population and suffers great population explosion, provides low-priced labour power to global companies, so that makes they create effect of cost reduction. It is clearly portrayed in the movie Outsourced (2006). An American company decides to outsource its call centre to India and an American director, Todd Anderson, is dispatched and commands his Indian employees. In the process, the movie shows that Toad repeats trials and errors and makes a goal achievement through negotiation and motivation for employees. In this paper, it will be analysed how director has done for negotiation in terms of cultural dimension and the way he has motivated employees in the view of motivation theories. Cultural dimensions affect negotiations in the film There have been shown a few negotiation scenes in the film. First of all, according to Hofstedes framework (1980), power distance is the extent to which less powerful members of organisations accept the unequal distribution. The negotiation scene between David and Todd shows that they negotiate in small power distance environment. A small power distance society is less comfortable with power differences such as class distinction organisational ranking than a large power distance culture (Hofstede 1980). It is shown in a liberated conversation between David and Todd while conversing about Todd sent out to India irrespective of rank. Todd could obviously express what he thinks that he does not want to travel to India, whereas it is hardly possible in large power distance culture where a person in a high-level position treats those at lower levels with dignity, but the differences in rank are always clear (Hofstede 1980). In addition, this negotiation is occurred in an American company. According to Hofstede (2001), an index of U.S. power distance is 40 which means American society has relatively small power distance compared to countries has a large power distance such Japan, Venezuela and India. This index supports that they are like to have a small power distance dimension. Another cultural dimension can affect the negotiation is masculinity. In a masculine society, the tough values including success, money, assertiveness, and competition are dominant (Hofstede 2001). While negotiating each other, Todd exposes his assertiveness about going to India and David also menaces Todd with immediate dismissal if he does not move. It can be seen that U.S. index is 62 in the Hofstedes uncertainty avoidance index, which means U.S. is quite a masculine society. Furthermore, it can be seen that they are in a low-context culture. Halls high and low context cultural framework (1976) explains differences in communication styles among cultures. As stated by Hall (1976), a high-context communication or message is one in which most of the information is either in the physical context or internalised in the person, while very little is in the coded, explicit, transmitted part of the message and a low-context communication is just the opposite. The way Todd exposes his opinion is straight, precisely conveys what he feels like the situation rather than utilising means of tones of voice, timing and facial expression which are considered as major means in high-context culture. U.S. is classified as low-context country by Hall as well (Hall 1976). In this negotiation, it is also seen that Todd seeks after the dimension of affective autonomy. On the word of Schwartz (1992), affective autonomy focuses on individuals independently pursuing positive experiences that make them feel good, and value is put on pleasure and an exciting and varied life. Before he moves to India, the level of his cultural dimension is exactly at the level of only understanding his own culture, not that of understanding others, which means his home country is the only place where can fulfil him affectively. At last, he moves to India and has suffered from unlike culture and atmosphere at the adjustment period. For instance, he really wanted to have a beef burger, but he could not get it at last (he actually got one, but it was not a Beef burger), which can be easily found everywhere in U.S. He also feels pain when he rings girl friend, checks that she is with another guy. Second negotiation is observed in the scene when Todd gets to India and is in process of discord with Indian employees, especially his assistance, Puro, due to cultural differences. Firstly, there is a scene that shows glasses which is located between his office and employees area in the call centre. What he asks Puro is not delivered on time and Todd is not able to understand this situation and annoyed. This can be comprehended in terms of difference of sequential time and synchronous time. According to Trompenaars dimensions of culture (1993), people in sequential time cultures do one thing at a time, make appointments and arrive on time, and generally stick schedules, while people in synchronic time cultures do several activities simultaneously, the time for appointments is approximate, and interpersonal relationships are more important than schedule. Todd, who is from a sequential time country, thinks that every procedure is supposed to be made on time and cannot understand the w ay Puro deals with the task and audaciously reacts against his inquiry. Puro also does not recognise why Todd is upset since Puro is from more synchronous time culture. He just believes that it is acceptable regardless of timing, if delivery is achieved at certain point of time. In addition, Todd desires to secure his territory in the office. According to Kluckhohn and Strodtbecks variations in values orientations (1961), in a society that values privacy such as the U.S., employees think it is important to have their own space. Because privacy is highly valued, higher-status members of an organisation often have larger, more private space (Kluckhohn Strodtbeck 1961). It seems that Todd thinks he needs his own private territory to control loose and unorganised environment by securing it. Secondly, difference of cultural dimension is shown in the scene that Indian employees take some refreshments at some point of work hour. Puro brings some to Todd, but it irritates Todd as he regards it as an unnecessary action. Puro says that he just wants to care him. Puros behaviour in this scene is able to be considered in perspective of femininity. Feminine cultures place importance on tender values such as personal relationship, care for others, the quality of life, and service (Hofstede 1980). People in masculine society like Todd are difficult to understand to an opposed society and think masculine tough values such as success, money and competition are much more important rather than caring for others (Hofstede 1980). Finally Todd grasps Puros real intention and apologises to him. Todd also negotiates with Indian culture itself. At his beginning period in India, he only sticks to his way and shows intention not to admit and accept Indian cultural dimensions. He also argues Indian employees to learn American culture. However, He has changed his mind after some happenings such as Holi, a celebration of colors, and accepting Ashas advice. His behavioural change indicates the dimension of harmony. Schwartz (1992) says that the harmony value type emphasises understanding and fitting in with the environment, rather than trying to change it. Since Todd has accepted this dimension, he wins the public confidence from the locals including his employees and he could makes satisfaction for his life as well. Theories of motivation to Todds experiences throughout the film Motivation is a crucial organisational concept and is undoubtedly needed to run a company properly by inspiring each business constituent member. Robinson defines motivation as the willingness to exert high levels of effort toward organisational goals, conditioned by the efforts ability to satisfy some individual need (1996, p.212). There are two kinds of motivation theories, content and process. Content theories focus on the what, identifying factors that cause people to put effort into work and process theories concern the how, the steps an individual takes in putting forth effort (IBUS 2012 reader, p. 125). It is seen that there are a few scenes to motivate some players in the film. First of all, David tries to let Todd go to India but he resists the offer. In this process, David suggests him to allot stock option as the reward in case of he reaches the goal proposed, otherwise he must quit his job. Todd, in fact, does not want to work aboard, but has to follow Davids suggestion as he has a need to maintain his current status. Psychologist Abraham Maslow (1954) suggested that human beings five basic needs form a hierarchy: from physiological, to safety, to social, to esteem, to self-actualisation needs. If Todd decides not to go to India, he would suffer from financial shortage. That is, two bottom needs of Maslows model, physiological and safety and security needs, would be threatened due to it. It is similar in case that he does not accomplish the offered objective unless he travels to India. However, in this case, Todd can struggle to make the goal so that he is able to stay plus eve n get reward. These goal and reward provide him motivation for his needs. This situation is connected with goal setting theory as well. According to Locke and Latham (1990), goal setting theory focuses on the effect that the setting of goals has on performance. The theory is based on the idea that people are motivated by intentions to work toward a goal (Locke 1968). Goals motivate employees to satisfy higher performance level. In the film, Todd has done everything he can do in order to decrease MPI (Minutes Per Incident) to six, which seems impossible at the beginning stage of the movie. However, he finally achieves the goal and goal setting affects his work process to some extent. On the other hand, Todd could achieve the aimed MPI goal at the end of the film and one of the motive powers, could accomplish it, is from Indian employees support. It could be attained since Todd has begun to understand their inherent culture. When he holds fast to his view at the beginning, he is just a stranger and the whole team could not be as one. By the time he harmonises with employees, MPI index has started to drop off. It can be explained in view of McClellands learned needs theory (1966, 1985). McClelland proposed that three major needs influence peoples behaviour and these needs are not instinctive desires as in Maslows theory, but learned. The need that Todd learned in the film is need for affiliation. It is a concern for establishing and maintaining social relationships, people who have a high need for affiliation like close, friendly relationships with others and prefer cooperative rather than competitive situations (McClelland 1966, 1985). By developing and motivating relationship with employees, the whole team could reach the goal in cooperative way. Motivation for Indian workers and affection of cultural dimension Herzbergs motivation-hygiene theory (1968; Mausner, and Snyderman 1959), often called two-factor theory, is that satisfaction and dissatisfaction represent two separate dimensions rather than opposite ends of single dimension. Herzberg (1968, 1959) believed that the resulting two factors, hygiene and motivation, have differential effects on motivation. The hygiene factors, also called extrinsic or context factors, are factors outside the job itself that influence the worker. They include company policy and administration, supervision, relationship with a supervisor, work conditions, salary and security (Herzberg 1968, 1959). In the film, Todd provides employees conditions they want, such as allowing them to wear traditional clothing and to place their personal stuff on the own desks. These are usually used to meet desires for low class worker. The motivation factor, also called intrinsic or content factors, are aspects of the job itself including achievement, recognition, interesting work, responsibility, advancement, and growth (Herzberg 19689, 1959). Todd, as a supervisor, makes a deal that the worker with the best MPI will get to pick the product of his choice from the treasure box. By doing so, it increases achievement and makes employees interesting work and the team accomplishes growth by approaching intended MPI index which is six at last. Todd motivates workers by handling these two factors effectively in ways above. Reinforcement theory also can be applied in the similar way. Skinner (1971) stated that reinforcement theory is that the environment determines peoples behaviour. If individuals receive a reward or reinforcement for what they do, it is likely that they will repeat it. If workers struggle to be the best MPI guy and once he makes it and gets reward, it will motivate workers to repeat hard-working to get to pick the reward. It is feasible because Todd has formed environment workers are able to earn incentives depending on their work achievemen t. Secondly, the expectation theory can be applied to the way they progress operation. It is the theory of motivation makes several important assumptions about peoples behaviour (Vroom 1964). It is largely broke into three parts; Effort-to-Performance expectancy, Performance-to-Outcome expectancy and Outcome Valence (Vroom 1964). Todd specially concentrates on putting effort into virtual operations and gives proper feedback for employees to increase efficiency. And by introducing reward system, it makes employees expectancy high so that it leads satisfactory level of outcome. Todd brings in appropriate method at each operation stage and it turns out positively. By analysing several negotiation and motivation situations, it has been able to be seen that different dimensions and theories can be applied, depends on every individual, individual to individual and country to country and higher to lower hierarchy. Especially the level of cultural difference in the film between India, where is high power distance and collectivism society, and U.S., where has opposition oriented society, is quite high and it could be happened in the real business world. When negotiate with someone has different background, it would be important to figure out counterparts cultural dimension. Also, it can be said that it is significant to have a precise diagnosis of subordinates to run company effectively by motivating and understand its cultural dimensions.

Management and Leadership Essay -- Manager Business Leading Essays Lea

Management and Leadership Within the organizational structure of most businesses you will likely find management and leadership coexisting. Commonly, the words are often substituted for one another. However, each word has a distinctly different definition. A manager does not necessarily make a good manager. Management is defined as those individuals in an organization that have the authority and the responsibility to manage the organization through the control of production processes and ensuring that they operate efficiently and effectively. Leadership is defined as the skills and ability to set future goals in accordance with the organizational goals and to communicate those goals to other employees in such a way that they voluntarily and harmoniously work together to accomplish those goals for the benefit of the organization. In this paper, I will differentiate between management and leadership. Any organization needs to be managed, even a one-person company has to be managed. A manager has four key responsibilities: 1) planning, 2) organizing, 3) leading, and 4) controlling. Management can also be defined as the function that determines how the organization?s human, financial, physical, informational, and technical resources are arranged and coordinated to perform tasks towards achievement of strategic goals. Leadership implies that the manager has fundamental knowledge about critical processes. A leader is focused on ensuring the creation of strategies, systems, and methods for achieving excellence and building knowledge and capabilities. Leaders are focused more on creating an enthusiastic work environment for all of a company?s employees. In other words leadership is to help people do a better job through coaching, facilitating, and by creating environments that support the aim of the organization. Leadership is the ability of a manager to train employees, remove institutional roadblocks, and empower employees. (Stern and Kren, 2002). The common thread in differentiating between management and leadership seems to be that management is more involved with monitoring the details of the daily operations and leadership is about invoking the changes necessary to continuously move towards an organization?s vision. I have also found that in all of the success stories read, the common points are that the leaders took a different approach into the... ... successful. I attribute the main reason to the fact that they are in control of the reward along with the recognition. In summary, management is about control through a series of control mechanisms and although leadership is one of the four principles of management, leadership is a combination of personal traits and skills that directly affects the opinions and attitudes of people, leading to changes in behavior. A person can be an effective manager but that does not necessarily make that person an effective leader. Leadership is about insight towards the future and helping individual employees and groups of employees to accept uncertainty, because they have confidence that the leader will provide solutions to any problems that may arise. References Stern, Kenneth and Kren, Lawrence (2004, December 9). Machine design. Know and grow. Retrieved January 17, 2005, from University of Phoenix Online, ProQuest Database Website: http://web22.epnet.com/externalframe. asp?tb=1&_ug=sid+553EA1C5%2D2133%2D4C4D%2D976B%2D01F560CA7714%40sessionmgr4+dbs+aph%2Cf5h%2Cbuh%2Cawh%2Cufh+cp+1+6C31&_us=hs+False+or+Date+ss+SO+sm+KS+sl+%2D1+dstb+KS+ri+KAAACBSC00041487+ED56&_uso=tg%5B0+%2D+db Management and Leadership Essay -- Manager Business Leading Essays Lea Management and Leadership Within the organizational structure of most businesses you will likely find management and leadership coexisting. Commonly, the words are often substituted for one another. However, each word has a distinctly different definition. A manager does not necessarily make a good manager. Management is defined as those individuals in an organization that have the authority and the responsibility to manage the organization through the control of production processes and ensuring that they operate efficiently and effectively. Leadership is defined as the skills and ability to set future goals in accordance with the organizational goals and to communicate those goals to other employees in such a way that they voluntarily and harmoniously work together to accomplish those goals for the benefit of the organization. In this paper, I will differentiate between management and leadership. Any organization needs to be managed, even a one-person company has to be managed. A manager has four key responsibilities: 1) planning, 2) organizing, 3) leading, and 4) controlling. Management can also be defined as the function that determines how the organization?s human, financial, physical, informational, and technical resources are arranged and coordinated to perform tasks towards achievement of strategic goals. Leadership implies that the manager has fundamental knowledge about critical processes. A leader is focused on ensuring the creation of strategies, systems, and methods for achieving excellence and building knowledge and capabilities. Leaders are focused more on creating an enthusiastic work environment for all of a company?s employees. In other words leadership is to help people do a better job through coaching, facilitating, and by creating environments that support the aim of the organization. Leadership is the ability of a manager to train employees, remove institutional roadblocks, and empower employees. (Stern and Kren, 2002). The common thread in differentiating between management and leadership seems to be that management is more involved with monitoring the details of the daily operations and leadership is about invoking the changes necessary to continuously move towards an organization?s vision. I have also found that in all of the success stories read, the common points are that the leaders took a different approach into the... ... successful. I attribute the main reason to the fact that they are in control of the reward along with the recognition. In summary, management is about control through a series of control mechanisms and although leadership is one of the four principles of management, leadership is a combination of personal traits and skills that directly affects the opinions and attitudes of people, leading to changes in behavior. A person can be an effective manager but that does not necessarily make that person an effective leader. Leadership is about insight towards the future and helping individual employees and groups of employees to accept uncertainty, because they have confidence that the leader will provide solutions to any problems that may arise. References Stern, Kenneth and Kren, Lawrence (2004, December 9). Machine design. Know and grow. Retrieved January 17, 2005, from University of Phoenix Online, ProQuest Database Website: http://web22.epnet.com/externalframe. asp?tb=1&_ug=sid+553EA1C5%2D2133%2D4C4D%2D976B%2D01F560CA7714%40sessionmgr4+dbs+aph%2Cf5h%2Cbuh%2Cawh%2Cufh+cp+1+6C31&_us=hs+False+or+Date+ss+SO+sm+KS+sl+%2D1+dstb+KS+ri+KAAACBSC00041487+ED56&_uso=tg%5B0+%2D+db

Human Services Essay

What needs do each agency meet and what demographic does each agency serve? The department of social services caters to anyone who in in need of assistance as long as basic requirements are met. The DSS mainly caters to women and children .This resource helps with food through a program named SNAP which stands for Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. The main role of this service is to supplement the incomes of the people who are having issues providing food for their family. This is done by Social services issuing an electronic benefit card also referred to as EBT card to distribute stamps on a monthly basis until the family is able to provide for their family with no assistance. They having other programs in place to assist with the needs of child care and some clients’ qualify to receive a cash allowance on a monthly basis until the family no longer qualify for the benefit. The program is a federal mandated program put into place to assist the country people that are vulnerable to having a poor quality of life. The other agency that was selected was CAASTL this program is very similar to the department of social services but on a much smaller scale. The Community action agency does not off monthly benefits for food and living expenses. However they do have food pantry that is used to help family eat healthy meals and they offer assistance with utility instead of issues out a monthly allowance. This service mainly cater to families with small children and elderly people in need of assistance. This program was put in place to assist with need of the people who lived in the county and did not qualify for services which were located in the city. Both agencies are there to help people that are in need the department of social services has more funding that CAASTL because it is a program that only receives funds to help pay for resources that would be used to assist people living in that community Click the Assignment Files tab to submit your assignment.

Position Paper Essay

It is truly a T.G.I.F for elementary students in public schools because last September 16, 2010 Department of Education released a memorandum, called Memorandum 392 that orders elementary teachers to avoid giving their students home works during weekends. The Memorandum states that ‘ 1. Homework or assignments have been part of the pupils’ lives in their schooling. Common homework/assignment may include a period of reading to be done and writing to be completed, problems to be solved and projects to be worked on among others. The purpose of which is for the pupils to increase their knowledge and improve their abilities and skills. see more:should hw be banned 2. However, it has been observed that parents complain about too many pupils’ homework or assignments which rob themselves and their children quality time to be together in more enjoyable activities. 3. Hence it is advised that the teachers limit the giving of homework to reasonable quantity to give their ample time to rest and relax at home for the rest of the day. 4. Therefore no homework or assignment shall be given during weekends for pupils to enjoy their childhood and spend quality time with their parents without being burdened by the thought of doing lots of homework. Since teachers, parents and students always debate about this in the internet, I would like to share my stand in this issue. As a student and a future educator, I am in favor for the implementation of the No home works on weekend’s policy in grade school. First, according to number two guideline of the Deped Memorandum 392 S.2010; homework or assignment on weekends robs quality time of the parents and the children to be together in more enjoyable activities. I personally believe that weekends are for relaxing and of course bonding time with the family. According to a parent from www.debate.org, kids study 5 days a week with only a few hours with their family. It’s a difficult to manage, when teachers give home work over the weekend it takes away time from them doing sports, going outside, and even family time. According to a PNU Student, particularly a P.E Major she said that ‘we spend a lot more time awake at school. When we go home, we just sleep. We barely had time with our family’.  Also, according to a tumblr blogger which is a teacher; The State should see the value of quality Family bonding especially today when there seems to be a little time and opportunity for Parents to talk to their children. This quality time is a means to discuss sensitive issues that only parents can deliver and to strengthen the family ties. I believe that family time would be a productive and this time could help the children develop not only mentally but of course emotionally. Also according to an article in empoweringparents.com assignments always cause nightly conflicts among the parents and the child so I think that weekends can be a timeout and an exemption for this situation. According to the Assistant Secretary of DEPED, Mr. Toni Umali children should not only learn from school itself, they must also learn the importance of the family bonding. Aside from family matters, when kids are bombarded with a lot of assignments during weekend it does not only affects their bonding time with their family but also their health. I conducted a survey among PNU students and some of the answers concerns about the health of the students. According to a History major he is in favor of the policy because, in today’s educational system, a student’s week is crowded with too much school activities, leaving the student no room for recreation. Disallowing home works on weekends will be in favor of the student’s proper development not only mentally but also physically, emotionally and socially. Another response that came from our fellow English Major was ‘Yes, ‘coz students should relax their mind every weekend. Doing homework in weekends would stress out students and if students will be stressed out, their health would be at risk. According to teachthought.com Kids needs time to be kids, they need unstructured playtime; they need to play outside with their friends and of course physical exercise. Also a student answered that kids are studying 5 straight days a week and she don’t think that having 2 days break from it would be a reason for the kids to fail. A point was well raised by our fellow English major and a STA Major. The English major said that having no home works on weekends would inculcate laziness in the minds of our students So that students, in an early stage will learn how to prioritize and manage time. According to the STA Major ‘No, because as students it is our responsibility to do our assignments that  would enhance our deeper analysis or understanding in our lessons. It doesn’t mean that if it is weekend, we should enjoy or rest all through. As students, we need those home works for our weekend to be productive’ For me having no homework on weekend does not promote the habit of laziness, instead it promotes the importance of family bonding and that family should be a priority as mentioned above that is what memorandum 392 was meant for; to increase the time for the children to bond with their parents/family. Another well raised point was from a male student from University of Santo Tomas he said that he is not favor in No Homework Policy, because how come that the students understand the Lesson and also force them to reread again the lesson, so that they can deeply understand it. Well according to opencolleges.edu.au home works does not really equate to higher achievement. Study show that in elementary there is a weak link between achievement and home works. Most countries with less home works lead to have higher scores in achievement tests. Countries with more home work assigned like Greece, Thailand and Iran have the worst average scores. The last point that I would like to mention was a point raised by a fellow English Major that is not in favor of No Home works on weekend’s policy, she answered: No. Because home works act as supplements/follow-ups to the lessons taught inside the classroom. I believe so but I think it would be a great help if the assignments are not given during Fridays that would be pass on Monday the coming week. Let’s be considerate and give our kids free time to explore. Kids would also learn with life experiences that could be related with their topic in school. After all, kids are kids. They may not be able to absorb all the stress and the pressure in the environment maybe we’ll be surprised if one day our kids would be afraid to go to school just because he/she was not able to answer the assignments. According to teachthought.com homework may be a form of intrusion on family life, and may increase the drop-out rate in schools. The bottom line of this is we want what’s good for kids. We don’t train robots, we train humans. We don’t only fill the brains of our students; we should be able to fill their hearts. Let’s make learning easy and enjoyable  let us not take times in which children could do something great with their family and treasure the memory for the rest of their lives. Let us not make learning a horrible experience for our students, the government, the community, the teachers and most especially the parents should do their part to be able to develop a child into a intelligent, responsible and loving human being that could do something to promote excellence to the following generations. References: http://www.teachthought.com/teaching/20-reasons-you-shouldnt-assign-homework-over-the-holidays/ stophomework.com/fact.pdf http://juanrepublic.tumblr.com/post/1137647987/deped-memo-no-homework-shall-be-given-during-weekends http://www.debate.org/opinions/should-kids-have-homework-on-the-weekends http://www.debate.org/debates/should-Students-be-given-homework-during-the-weekends/1/ http://www.smartparenting.com.ph/kids/big-kids/poll-no-homework-on-weekends-policy-yes-or-no http://depedteacher.blogspot.com/2010/09/no-homework-shall-be-given-during.html http://www.empoweringparents.com/Homework-Hell-Part-l-How-to-Turn-It-Around.php http://happychild.mobi/articles/what-is-the-value-of-homework-research-and-reality http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8xMo-QFB11E http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nation/view/20100919-293072/TGIF-No-homework-on-weekendsDepEd

Essay on Global Companies Essay

International companies are characterized by many factors among them geographical dispersion, demand for rationalization and differentiation and cultural diversity. These factors pose numerous challenges to international HR managers on how to ensure successful performance of their functions. The paper highlights various challenges the mentioned factors presents to IHRM in their work. It assembles evidence and previous research findings done by other writers. The paper also demonstrates why managing international HR is more difficult than managing HR in a large domestic firm. Challenges presented by geographical dispersion to international HR directors As employees in an international company come from different backgrounds and possess diverse experience, it’s hard to standardize pay and conditions of work (Briscoe & Schuler, 2009). Doing so is likely to bring conflicts among staff doing similar jobs in different locations. Standardizing working conditions is also tricky because of diverse cultures, rules and laws of different nations. Home working conditions and policies cannot be transferred to another country due to existence of different legislations in host country. In such a case each host country could have a slightly different working condition (Paik and Vance, 2006). Due also to natural differences in each country, it is hard to standardize business processes and pay in a multinational company. One of challenges faced by international HR managers is dealing with multiple time zones. This time differences bring about difficulties for managers to consult with key decision makers (Herod and Yearn, 2002). These difficulties may result into ramifications on productivity. Closely associated with this problem is the continued heavy reliance on face to face communications since improvement in technologies has not completely bridged this gap (Punnett, 1989). Rolling out a non conflicting international compensation system is a challenge to international HRM. This is due to the fact that conditions of employment differ among various categories of employees (Mendenhall et al, 1987). In addition, there exist variations among countries on ways of compensating workers. Salary levels for the same job also differ amongst countries. As a matter of fact compensation packages can be a source of conflict . This is mostly occurs when local employees start comparing their salary to those of expatriates and may conclude that there is no fairness. Expatriates in most of cases have better compensation packages than local employees doing the same job. As a result local employees may feel unappreciated and treated unfairly. Consequently, it may result to resentment and eventually lower employees’ morale and productivity (Roberts et al, 1998). The process of hiring and placement of different national categories of workers is very complex in global context. International HRM involves movement of people across international boundaries (Briscoe & Schuler, 2009). In such a case staffing becomes very hard as managers face hard choices to make from three pools of employees categories: employees from host country where the company operates (HCN), nationals from home country where the firm has headquarter (PNC) and citizens of other countries that may be sources of labor (TNC). The three types of employee groups have different backgrounds. This therefore requires the managers to have international mindset and adopt policies that facilitate establishment of internationally oriented staff (Briscoe & Schuler, 2009). Distinct countries have different government policies and ethical requirements which can pose problems to international HR managers. For instance an international company situated in South Africa would have expatriates willing to work there required to undergo a compulsory HIV/AIDS test. This could result to loss of talented employees who may not be willing to comply with the requirement. It would be therefore a challenge to managers to convince such expatriates to accept the requirement (Roberts et al, 1998). International HR managers also face difficulties determining compensation package among various categories of workers. This is so because of varied nationalities of workers and different levels of economic development in home countries. It therefore becomes hard to determine some form of compensation for instance hardship allowance (Hofstede, 1992). International scene is also more complex due to language differences. This becomes a challenge in ease of accessing company’s documents such as vision and mission statements, company’s records and procedure manuals. Language barriers could also impede communication and sharing of information among the workers. This can only be solved by language standardization (Laurent, 1986). The nature of employee involvement also varies depending on country and institutional factors. Employee involvement is crucial in any organization and results into enhanced communication, coordination of tasks, enhanced information sharing and reduced turnover. Employee involvement is however is influenced by organization and national factors such as industrial relations, financial system, social forces and market forces (Petti and Fadel, 1997). Consequently in a global context, the nature of employment will vary due to diverse national forces. Challenges occasioned by need for rationalization and differentiation to international HR directors. Process of rationalization normally involves lowering of organizations operational costs and more improved control (Punnett, 1989). This requires timely provision of information. On a global context, it is a challenge to HR managers to obtain information quickly and to become proactive in achieving business objectives. Due to the complex nature of international organization, it becomes challenging to ensure faster access to high quality information at a significantly business processing cost . However due to rationalization demands in order for the company to remain competitive, managers have to carry out proper compensation, recruitment and placement (Punnett, 1989). Differentiation is the process of distinguishing firms’ products or services from those offered by competitors (Petti and Fadel, 1997). This is done by making them unique and more attractive to a particular target market. Differentiation is normally implemented by ensuring differences in functional features, quality, availability and reputation. Formulation of differentiation strategy is vital for making firms’ products more competitive in a competitive market. In global context it poses challenges for managers to adopt proper strategies in recruitment and selection to ensure the products remain unique and reputable (Petti and Fadel, 1997). Challenges presented by cultural diversity to international HR directors International companies operate in different countries with diverse regulations, standard of living and labor unions (Hofstede, 1992). In some countries, labor unions determine wage policies. In Australia for instance unions negotiate rates of payment on behalf of workers. In other countries like Hong Kong unions have little influence and pay rates are determined by free market. This makes the process of determining pay package very hard to HR managers in global scene (Hofstede, 1992). International HRM must be aware of cultural differences and develop culturally sensitive attitudes for business to thrive (Laurent, 1986). Majority of HRM functions such as compensation; training, recruitment and selection are done according to cultural practices of host nation. Sometimes adapting to local expectation and customs brings more problems. In Indonesia for instance local employees are obliged to employ members of their family. However, acting in such nepotism way may be detrimental to the company since the best fitted persons will not be hired (Punnett, 1989). Diverse norms on methods of motivating employees amongst countries are a key challenge. The use of incentives and gifts for instance may have varied results. In cultures such as America money may be a good motivator. In other cultures such as Japan, non financial incentives for instance job security, social acceptance and promotions may motivate employees better (Mendenhall et al, 1987). The international HR managers are hence challenged to match the motivators with cultural values. International businesses also operate in countries with different cultural differences amongst groups of people in the same country. This ultimately translates into different HRM policies procedures and system. The work of IHRM is therefore determined by cultural aspects of the host country (Petti and Fadel, 1997). This places a challenge to IHRM managers to reconsider each strategy in terms of the country’s cultural condition. Some strategies may work in some country but fail in others. A Hong Kong company dealing with dental services for instance decided to offer a ‘use it or lose it’ policy worth $1000 a year. Initially the company had a high staff turnover of 24%. After a short time, the company’s turnover dropped significantly to 4%. The strategy could not just work in that context (Petti and Fadel, 1997). As the case illustrates, research is required to be conducted amongst employees to establish the kind of strategies which are workable. People also have varied takes and attitudes with regard to contracts. People from western countries think of it just like a contract and will follow it after it’s signed. The Chinese however take it different and prefer continued relationship with their manager. So they will sign it, have a handshake and get to know their manager (Laurent, 1986). Therefore the IHRM has to consider acceptability and adaptability. Diversity management is also a challenge especially managing varying expectations in workplace. Some countries emphasize on gender equity and affirmative action while others do no (Hofstede, 1992)t. In such a case organizations with such policies face difficulties implementing them in some countries. In some parts of the world woman expatriates may experience difficulties in gaining acceptance (Hofstede, 1992). Culture is also a significant constraint in employee performance appraisals and feedback process. Western counties have been found to have different styles of performance appraisals which are difficult to transfer to non western countries (Briscoe & Schuler, 2009). The purpose of appraisal, acceptance of its result and the mode of conduct of the feedback process are also different amongst countries. In some cultures for instance Japan performance appraisal are not acceptable and are normally interpreted as sign of distrust. In other cultures such as Chinese performance appraisals are used to determine pay (Briscoe & Schuler, 2009). Why managing International HR is inherently more difficult than managing HR in a large domestic firm. Unlike domestic firm, international HR involves moving staff across many countries with diverse cultural and economic aspects. As such international HRM is more complex as it deals with different categories of workers from different countries. There are also many aspects and a broad range of issues o take into consideration (Paik and Vance, 2006). To begin with, there are more HR activities to deal with in an international environment. Foreign employees are normally subjected to both domestic and international tax liabilities. This necessitates need to design tax equalization policies to bridge this gap. There are also a lot of international relocation and orientation activities. This may take the shape of arranging pre departure training and providing information such travel details, shopping and schooling. Foreign employees must also be provided with housing, medical care and recreation services. The expatriates also require to be provided by administrative services within which the host country operates. In addition the international HR must provide language translation services (Mendenhall et al, 1987). The international HR manager is also required to take a broad view of issues. This is particularly due to the fact that the managers deal with more than one national group of employees all working together. One such broader perspective would be to ensure that employees working in foreign locations receive foreign premium regardless of their nationality. Such a policy should be implemented without showing preferential treatment to only employees working on overseas assignment but even to foreigners assigned to firm’s home country (Chan, 1994). The IHRM thus has to deal with equity issues with regard to compensation. International HR managers are also required to get more involved in employees personal lives (Herod and Yearn, 2002). The HRM needs to ensure that expatriate employees comprehends compensation package such as cost of living allowances, premium taxes among others. He also needs to ensure they understand housing arrangements and health care. This creates need for establishment of a section that provides services such as handling of employees’ investments, banking and coordinating home visits. If for instance there is to be a relocation or transfer, the HR department will need to know the employees personal life in order to provide the level of support required. This is particularly due to some governments requirements like marriage certificate in order to stay in some locations. In addition the HR managers may want to assist the family left behind at home country (Herod and Yearn, 2002). In the international context, there is always need to change emphasis in HR operations as workforce varies. This mostly occurs when more trained locals become available and hence the need of foreign employees decline. Resources which had previously allocated to allocated to expatriate issues have thus to be transferred to local stuff training and development. This broadens HR activities such as training, planning and compensation (Chan, 1994). International assignments increase exposure to risks that HRM has to deal with. There are more severe consequences resulting from expatriate failure and underperformance. Such a failure may be too costly to the company in terms of salary, relocation expenses and travel costs. There could also be loss of foreign share, market share and breakdown of foreign relations. The HR department must also consider possible acts of terrorism. On top of that the HR must put in place emergency evacuation procedures for assignments in locations susceptible to epidemic crises (Roberts et al, 1998). International HRM also has to deal with more and complex external factors. The company must comply with government’s requirements about staffing in foreign locations. Moreover, local codes of conduct and religious groups’ regulations must be obeyed (Roberts et al, 1998). Conclusion The research and evidence presented in the paper demonstrates that managing HR in global context is more challenging and complex than in domestic scene. There are many issues which constrain international HR managers and which are unique to each country. The managers are therefore required to be flexible and adopt a local responsive strategy in order to have successful and sustainable businesses.